基于雨洪管理的社區(qū)韌性評價及優(yōu)化策略研究

張 泉，薛珊珊

合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)建筑與藝術(shù)學(xué)院，合肥  230601

摘 要：在災(zāi)害常態(tài)化背景下，“韌性”理念逐漸被引入到城市社區(qū)防災(zāi)減災(zāi)領(lǐng)域。為抵抗日益頻發(fā)的極端天氣災(zāi)害，有必要將城市韌性社區(qū)的建設(shè)重點轉(zhuǎn)移到雨洪管理層面。社區(qū)韌性是基于社區(qū)資源的一種防災(zāi)減災(zāi)能力，為解決當(dāng)前我國韌性社區(qū)建設(shè)在雨洪管理方面存在的不足，必須先建立一套量化的評價體系對其進(jìn)行評估。本文運用層次分析法建立了以組織管理機制、雨洪管理設(shè)施、災(zāi)害風(fēng)險評估、災(zāi)害應(yīng)急預(yù)案、居民防災(zāi)能力五個維度的社區(qū)韌性評價體系，選取安徽省蚌埠市的4個社區(qū)進(jìn)行實踐研究，并提出相應(yīng)的優(yōu)化改造策略。結(jié)果表明：（1）社區(qū)雨洪管理的韌性表現(xiàn)與社區(qū)的建設(shè)年代、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施配置以及日常防災(zāi)減災(zāi)管理密切相關(guān)；（2）各社區(qū)居民的防災(zāi)減災(zāi)能力和公共參與意識比較薄弱，各社區(qū)在雨洪管理智慧化普及方面投入較少；（3）韌性社區(qū)除了要重視非工程防災(zāi)措施的建設(shè)，以雨洪管理為導(dǎo)向，更要注重小尺度綠色基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的應(yīng)用。

關(guān)鍵詞：雨洪管理；社區(qū)；韌性；評價體系；優(yōu)化策略

第一作者：張泉，電子郵箱：frank_zhangquan@163.com
通訊作者：張泉，電子郵箱：frank_zhangquan@163.com

Community Resilience Evaluation and Optimization Strategy Based on Stormwater Management

ZHANG Quan* ，XUE Shanshan

School of Architecture and Art, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230061, China

Abstract: In the context of disaster normalization, the concept of "resilience" has been gradually introduced into the field of disaster prevention and mitigation in urban communities.In order to resist the increasingly frequent disasters caused by extreme weather, it is necessary to shift the focus of building resilient urban communities to the level of stormwater management. Community resilience is a disaster prevention and mitigation capability based on community resources. In order to solve the deficiency of storm and flood management in the current construction of resilient communities in China, it is necessary to establish a set of quantitative evaluation system to evaluate it. In this paper, the AHP(analytic hierarchy process) is used to construct the community resilience evaluation system from the perspective of stormwater management from five dimensions: organizational management mechanism, stormwater management facilities, disaster risk assessment, disaster emergency plan and residents' disaster prevention ability. Then four communities in Bengbu City, Anhui Province are selected for practical research and corresponding optimization and transformation strategies are proposed.The results show that :(1) the resilience of community stormwater management is closely related to the time of community construction, infrastructure allocation and daily disaster prevention and mitigation management; (2) The ability of disaster prevention and mitigation and the awareness of public participation of the residents in all communities are relatively weak, and the communities invest less in the popularization of stormwater management wisdom; (3) Resilient communities should not only pay attention to the construction of non-engineering disaster prevention measures, but also pay attention to the application of small-scale green infrastructure oriented by stormwater management.

Key words:Stormwater and flood management; community; toughness; evaluation system; optimization strategies

First author:ZHANG Quan, E-mail:frank_zhangquan@163.com
Corresponding author:ZHANG Quan, E-mail:frank_zhangquan@163.com